Organisaation on luotava ja ylläpidettävä tietoturvasuunnitelmaa.
Asiakastietolain 27 §:n mukaisesti palvelunantajan on laadittava tietoturvaan ja tietosuojaan sekä tietojärjestelmien käyttöön liittyvä tietoturvasuunnitelma.
Tämän määräyksen(MÄÄRÄYS 3/2021) mukaista tietoturvasuunnitelmaa ei tule sisällyttää tai yhdistää julkaistaviin tai julkisesti saatavilla oleviin omavalvontasuunnitelmiin. Tietoturvasuunnitelmaa ja siinä viitattuja liitedokumentteja tulee käsitellä ja säilyttää ottaen huomioon tarvittava suojaaminen sivullisilta ja tarvittaessa niihin tulee merkitä salassa pidettävä -tieto
The organization must define the frameworks that are used as the basis of the management system. Requirements frameworks should address:
Internal reporting goals:
Requirement fulfillment goals:
The organization must operate, maintain, and continuously develop a security management system.
The boundaries and scope, contents, role, cumulative implementation information and other necessary descriptive information related to the management system must be clearly documented.
The organization has established a procedure for conducting internal audits. The procedure shall describe at least:
Compliance with required laws, regulations, standards, and contractual obligations can be as challenging as dealing with an ever-changing threat environment and new forms of cyber-attacks.
The organization shall document the information security requirements and the organisation's operating model for meeting them.
It is important to note that a large part of the requirements (e.g. laws, standards) are evolving entities. It is recommended to define a review interval for the documentation to describe the frequency at which changes in the requirements should at least be checked.
The Statement of Applicability (SoA) is a key document that defines how an organization implements much of its cyber security.
The statement describes which of the controls recommended by ISO 27001 are implemented in the organization, how they are implemented, and the current state of the controls. In addition, possible reasons for not using certain controls are described.
The organization conducts internal audits in accordance with its internal audit procedure. The aim is to check:
Documented information on the execution and results of audits must be kept.
Organization's top management sets security objectives. Security objectives meet the following requirements:
In connection with the documentation of security objectives, the necessary top-level improvements and tasks, needed resources, responsible persons, due dates and methods for evaluating the results in order to achieve the objectives are also defined.
The organization has an information security policy developed and approved by top management. The policy shall include at least the following:
In addition, the task owner shall ensure that:
The organization must establish and maintain a cyber security program. The program must have the support of the top management.
The program must be established:
The organization must create and maintain a strategy for the cyber security program. The cyber security program defines the goals for the organization's cyber security measures.
The organization must have a strategy for developing and maintaining a cyber security architecture.
The strategy must match the organization's cyber security program and the organization's architecture.
The architecture must include:
The organization must:
The organization must define what technology is needed in order to achieve the information security objectives? And, what technology must be acquired / developed in order to achieve the information security goals?
When setting the organization's information security objectives, external objectives must be taken into account. This means, for example:
The organization must define its operations and, in particular, the units relevant to the implementation of information security.
The owners defined for the units can be assigned responsibilities for the unit-specific implementation of various tasks.
The organization's information systems collect data from internal and external sources and process essential data into information. Information supports internal control components
Information must be:
A board separate from the management supervises the development and implementation of internal information security measures.
The board's duties include in particular:
The organization has formed a plan in case of a smear or influence campaign against it.
The organization has dedicated sufficient resources and expertise to the development of digital security as part of the implementation of the organization's strategy.
In addition, a responsible person has been named for digital security, and this theme receives enough attention in the responsible person's job description and time management.
The organization has an operating model for regular communication to the entire organization about the risk situation in information security and about new significant risks affecting the organization.
Information can be implemented, for example, as a collaboration between the information security core team and communication professionals.
The organization has clearly defined a budget dedicated to the maintenance and development of digital security. The budget is sufficient to achieve the goals set for digital security.
When budgeting for digital security, three key areas must be considered in particular - personnel costs, technology solutions and operational costs.
Theme-specific policy documents can help the communication and viewing of tasks, instructions and other documentation related to different areas, as well as connecting possible upper-level principles to these contents of the management system, which describe a more detailed implementation.
The organization must define which theme-specific policy documents are maintained and, if necessary, reviewed as a whole at desired intervals. Examples of topics for which you may want to maintain your own policy document include:
The organization has identified the national and EU legislation governing ICT preparedness related to its operations and services, as well as other norms related to ICT preparedness.
Legislation and norms determine the minimum level for implementing ICT preparedness. In addition to this, the organization must take into account the needs arising from the special features of its own operations. Understanding the internal and external dependencies of operations is a basic requirement for cost-effective management of preparedness.
Valtionhallinnon viranomaisen on pidettävä luetteloa henkilöistä, joilla on oikeus käsitellä turvallisuusluokan I, II tai III asiakirjoja. Luettelossa on mainittava henkilön tehtävä, johon turvallisuusluokitellun tiedon käsittelytarve perustuu.
Tietoturvallisuuteen liittyvä dokumentaatio on ajantasaista.
Organisaation tietoturvallisuusvaatimukset muodostuvat esimerkiksi lainsäädännössä ja sopimuksissa määritellyistä vähimmäisvaatimuksista sekä muista tunnistetuista tai itse tavoitelluiksi valituista vaatimuksista.
Organisaation on seurattava tietoturvallisuusvaatimusten muutoksia ja tehtävä tarvittavat toimenpiteet niihin reagoimiseksi.
Organisation should identify and document dependencies between its assets.
In Cyberday dependencies between asset elements are created when creating and linking documentation. Procedure can be expanded according to organisation's own needs.
Tietojärjestelmän tai muun useita tietoaineistoja sisältävän kohteen luokitus määräytyy ensi sijassa korkeimman luokituksen aineiston mukaan. Tietojärjestelmien luokitusta arvioitaessa tulee huomioida myös kasautumisvaikutus riskilähtöisesti.
Suuresta määrästä tietyn luottamuksellisuuden tason tietoa koostuvissa tietojärjestelmissä asiakokonaisuus voi nousta luokitukseltaan yksittäistä tietoa korkeammalle tasolle. Määrä ei ole kuitenkaan ainoa tekijä, vaan joskus esimerkiksi kahden eri tietolähteen yhdistäminen voi johtaa tietovarannon luokituksen nousemiseen.
Tyypillisesti kasautumisessa on kysymys IV-luokan tiedosta (esimerkiksi suuri määrä turvallisuusluokan IV tietoa voi muodostaa yhdistettynä turvallisuusluokan III tietovarannon), mutta kasautumisvaikutus tulee huomioida myös turvallisuusluokittelemattoman salassa pidettävän tiedon suojaamisessa.
The organization has set priorities for its operations and goals. Based on these priorities, you need to be able to define security roles, responsibilities, and goals.
Organisation should have processes for ensuring that conflicting responsibilities are segregated to reduce opportunities for misuse of the organization’s assets.
Care should be taken e.g. in relation to a single person being able to process data without detection. Often also separating the initiation of an event from its authorization is a good practice.
When direct segregation of duties is hard to achieve, the following principles can be utilized:
Organization has defined what constitutes important security-related documentation and guidelines (e.g. report documents or all task / guideline content), which should be securely archived after they are replaced or become otherwise outdated.
This information should be saved for possible reviews of old policies or guidelines, which may be relevant e.g. in the case of a customer dispute or investigation by data protection authority.
When no specific legal or contractual requirement states the retention period, information should be saved for at least five years.
The organization shall continuously strive to improve the performance of the information security management system. Ways to improve are being actively sought - not just through audits or clear non-conformities.
Task owner is responsible for documenting the improvements made to the management system and dividing them into tasks to be performed, monitoring task execution and assessing the reached effects.
The organization shall determine which issues related to the information security management system need to be communicated on a regular basis. The plan must include the answers, e.g. to the following points:
Task owner will take care of the implementation of the plan and regular evaluation of its effectiveness.
Top management shall review the organization's information security management system at planned intervals to ensure that it remains appropriate, relevant and effective.
The management review shall address and comment on at least the following:
Documented information on the execution and results of reviews must be maintained.
The organisation regularly evaluates the level of cyber security and the effectiveness of the information security management system.
Organisation has defined:
Effective metrics should be usable for identifying weaknesses, targeting resources better and assessing organisation's success / failure related to cyber security.
Personnel under the direction of the entire organization must be aware:
In addition, top management has defined ways in which personnel are kept aware of security guidelines related to their own job role.
Management shall define responsibilities and establish procedures to ensure an effective and consistent response to security incidents.
Management must ensure e.g.:
The process must ensure e.g.:
The organization's top management must demonstrate a commitment to cyber security work and the management system. Management commits to:
Top management also decides the scope of the information security management system and records the decision in the description of the system. This means, for example, whether some parts of the organisation's activities or information are excluded from the scope of the management system, or whether it applies to all information / activities of the organization.
The organization shall have a sufficient number of trained, supervised and, where necessary, properly security cleared personnel who play key roles in information security, performing management tasks related to the information security management system.
The organization has defined:
The owner of the task regularly reviews the number and level of competence of the security personnel.
Top management must ensure clear responsibilities / authority on at least the following themes:
The ISMS theme owners are presented on the desktop of the management system and in the Information security policy report.
In addition, top management shall ensure that all roles relevant to information security, as well as related responsibilities and authorities, are defined and communicated. It is also important to recognize the roles and responsibilities of external partners and providers.
Top management of the organization is responsible for:
Organisation should have a process to analyse and learn from the operational resilience testing results, from actual cyber security incidents and from experiences of activating continuity plans. Relevant information and experiences should be exchanged with counterparts.
The lessons learned should be incorporated in to the cyber risk management process.
The organisation's top management should have a yearly report about the lessons from senior ICT staff along with recommendations for improvements.
The organisation must monitor the effectiveness of their digital operational resilience strategy. This should include at least:
This should increase the awareness of exposure to cyber attack related risk especially with important and critical functions and preparedness against cyber attacks.
Organisation should define and document an information security structure within the organisation. This should include the consideration of other relevant security roles.
The organization must determine what work fields and specific jobs are considered sensitive (e.g. based on data handled and access the employee has).
Sensitive work fields depend on the nature of organizations operations, but can include e.g. information security, IT and system administration, finance, HR, legal, R&D, customer support, analytics, management and many others.
The organization develops and implements a crisis response strategy to protect the organization from the negative consequences and reputational damage of a crisis. This strategy should include predefined actions to manage public view, control the narrative, and mitigate the impact of the crisis on the organization.
Identify and document the organisation's strategy and priorities, which may have an impact on information system security.
It is important to note that this documentation should be reviewed when the organization's strategy and priorities change.
Organization defines the strategic approaches for responding to risks based on the risk types, and the organizational risk tolerance and exposure. These strategies can include for example:
Dependencies on external services might affect the organization's risk management and critical capabilities. The organization needs to identify and maintain a list of the organization’s external dependencies, including facilities, cloud providers, and any third-party services.
The documentation should also include:
Ensure that relevant personnel are informed about these dependencies and their associated risks.
The organization must consider the possibility of fraud related to information security when assessing risks.
It is at least worth noting:
An organization must classify its information assets, such as information systems, data, units, key personnel, and other assets to be protected (e.g., equipment), according to priorities. Prioritization can be done, for example, based on the requirements for confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the information being processed.
Task owner regularly evaluates the implementation of internal audits, especially from the following perspectives:
If necessary, task owner makes changes to the internal audit procedure.
The idea behind the certification mechanisms is to demonstrate that data processing follows good data processing practices and good practices in general. Example of a security certificate is for example: ISO27001.
Organisation should have a procedure to classify projects from the point-of-view of required information security level and other information security requirements for the project.
The criteria for the classification of projects should be documented.
Non-compliance with legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions can create risks to the information security of the organization.
To facilitate this, the integrity of records in accordance with the legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions and business requirements is considered.